Our services include analyses of cases and special procedures of verification. We also provide scientific, or technical, demonstrations and reconstructions of situations to show what is likely to have occurred and to support the veracity of our findings. We attend scenes of crimes or accidents to conduct scientific examinations in a number of fields of forensic science to be detailed below. We provide consultations and formulate expert opinions in the form of written reports and expert testimony in Court, in the following areas:  

Work  Accidents

• Survey of the place, with an scale diagram of the plant and representation of the dynamics of the accident
• Survey and analysis of injuries to the victim
• Determination of the unfortunate event in relation to the victim's movements
• Analysis of flaws of the machines
• Establishment of the accident cause and whether it could have been prevented
• Analysis and interpretation of the event isolated in the context of the number of accidents of the Company
• Establish if safety procedures are being complied with by the company
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert witness testimony in court (if required)

Traffic  Accidents (Investigation)

• Survey of the place, with diagram of the plant in scale and representation of the dynamics of the accident
• Analysis of fractures, ruptures and marks
• Survey and analysis of stains of blood
• Identification, classification and comparison of hair and fibers
• Calculation of times, speeds, distances, accelerations, PIEV, energy etc.
• Determination of the speed of the vehicles involved in the accident by the damage to the vehicle and whatever or whoever it hit
• Examination of the vestiges of  tire’s break marks and/or skidding
• analysis of precipitation from the scene of the accident
• Comparison with other car accidents
• Analysis of flaws of the brakes in vehicles (besides ABS), suspension, direction, tires, air-bags
• Study the effects of coincidence to establish its cause(s) and whether the accident could have been prevented
• Establish whether powder-embate escaped and if so, how much
• Verification of defects and imperfections of the vehicles and tyres as demanded by the Consumer's Code
• Investigation of fire in vehicles
• Location and mapping of the submitted areas to repair and paint including measurement of the thickness of the coating of the foil
• Analysis, interpretation and verification of fraud in disk-diagrams of the vehicle’s speedometer
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert witness testimony in court (if required)

General Accidents (Investigation)

• Rising of the place, with to scale diagram of the plant and demonstration of the dynamics of the accident, including reconstruction of the accident if required
• Analysis of fractures, ruptures and marks
• Rising and analysis of stains of blood
• Calculation of times, distances, energy etc.
• Analysis and reconstruction of the dynamics in the tumbling, sliding and movement of earth including comparison with each other
• Analysis of the eventual geological flaws in the place
• Establish cause of accident and whether it could have been prevented
• Consider whether there is evidence of fraud in the cause of the event or whether there is evidence of an attempt to disguise the real cause of the event and any of its consequences
• Verification of defects and imperfections of the constructions, as demanded by the Consumer's Code
• Investigation of arson
• Location and mapping of the submitted areas for possible repairs
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert witness testimony in court (if required)

Analysis of Writings

• Examinations to identify type of the paper, weight and watermarks
• Examinations to identify the form of presentation of the sheets (alone or in block)
• Examinations to identify the first handwriter
• Number of having seated in that the document was produced (Don’t understand what you mean by this?)
• Examinations to establish whether physical alterations of the document in general (folds, waste in the borders, archiving signs) has occurred
• Examinations to establish whether physical alterations on the text (erasures, collations or increments) has occurred
• Analysis of writing instruments to establish which one (if any of those submitted) was used to write the document
• Analysis of the ink to establish what type of ink was used and whether there are any distinguishing features using mass spectroscopy
• Evaluation of the age of the document
• Establish whether there have been any additions to the text at later dates
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert witness testimony in court (if required)

Analysis of Vestiges

• Examination of the morphologic and serologic characteristics of hair
• Examination of the morphologic and constitutional characteristics (chemistry) of fibers
• Examination of the morphologic characteristics of glasses and its fragments in the context of the dynamics of the event
• Examination of the physical textures and of the chemical compositions of inks, lacquers and paint
• Examination of the composition of soils, comparing them to samples obtained from the crime scene
• Examination of the physical textures and of the chemical compositions of plastics and polymers
• Examination of the composition of minerals comparing them to samples collected from the crime scene
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert witness testimony in court (if required)

Voice Analysis

• Examination  of audio patterns and tapes for civil and criminal ends
• Verification of the Authenticity of Acoustic patterns
• Enhance tapes and remove undesirable sounds
• Identification of Sounds
• Identification of Voice: analysis of aural patterns, analysis of the morphology of the waves, measurements, FFT and eventual spectrographic analysis
• Authentic Transcription of Acoustic patterns
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert witness testimony in court (if required)

Demonstrations in Plenary of the Jury

• Comparison or examination of vegetation at the place of interest and of the scene of the crime
• Produce three-dimensional diagrams (3D) of the scene of the crime
• Distribution and topography of the vestiges in the crime scene
• Photographic amplifications emphasizing the critical points
• Videotaped reconstructions to show the dynamics of the event
• Use of audiovisual resources to emphasize elements in the presentation of evidence
• Elaboration of models to scale

DNA

• Identification and investigation of genetic material obtained from the scene of crime to establish who the donor of such material is
• Extract materials (blood, saliva, hair, human remains, bones etc.) to investigate genetic characteristics, through DNA examinations
• Use of technologies for the study of the markers of the nuclear DNA and of the mitocondrial DNA (mtDNA)
• If we cannot conduct the examinations ourselves we will recommend other laboratories, both at home or abroad, especially if specialized analysis is required
• Extract, analyze and identify samples through examination of DNA from any genetic material
• Examination of DNA "in natura", with unitary and multilocal probes, amplification by PCR, and through the analysis of STR
• Interpretation of results of exams of DNA, calculation of LR and of RMNE
• Written reports including opinions on results of exams of DNA
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert witness testimony in court (if required)

Documents Analysis

• Examinations to identify the type of the paper, weight, watermarks, etc.
• Examinations to identify the form of presentation of the leaves (alone or blocked)
• Examinations to identify the printer or typewriter used to print the document
• Identify the author of the printed paper and machine it was printed on through analysis of both the document and printer that was alleged to have been used
• Number of having seated in that the document was produced (Not sure what you mean)
• Examinations to establish if there have been physical alterations to the document in general (folds, waste in the borders, archiving signs)
• Examinations to establish if there have been physical alterations on the text (erasures, collations or increments)
• Evaluation of the age of the document
• Establish whether the text of the document was written/printed before the document was signed, or not as the case may be
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert witness testimony in court (if required)

Drugs

• Identification of drugs using qualitative analysis or analysis of orientation)
• Quantitative analysis
• Analysis of blood, urine, CRL, vitreous humor and hair for traces of drugs
• Examination of vestiges
• Provide working hypotheses
• Clinical evaluation of alcohol intoxication.
• Verification and evaluation of psychological effects and changes in physical appearance
• Retrograde extrapolation of the drug rates and/or its catabolic substances, in the context of the biodegradation of the same
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert witness testimony in court (if required)

Rape and Violent Attack to the Shame (Not sure why underlined part is there)

• Identification of semen by physical means (luminescence induced by UV, analysis with a microscope) and chemical (reactions of probability and of certainty) on bodies, objects and pieces of clothes
• Identification of products used as lubricants
• Serologic typing of semen
• Identification of the donor of the semen through the DNA techniques (PCR, STRs etc.)
• Quantitative evaluation of the acid phosphatase in vaginal fluid.
• Qualitative identification of possible blood staining using presumptive tests (luminol, Kastle/Meyer {peroxidase-like activity} and Adler tests) on bodies, objects and pieces of clothes
• Identification of animal species,
• Identification of place of attack or the body etc.
• Serologic typing of blood
• Identification of the donor of the blood through the DNA techniques (PCR, STRs etc.)
• Locating and recording wounds to the anus and vulva through the use of magnifying glass, stereoscopic microscopes and metachromasy research
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert witness testimony in court (if required)

Fingerprints

• Locate and reveal latent fingerprints (chemical and physical methods)
• Comparison of latent fingerprints
• Fingerprints for inking
• Photograph the fingerprints and store them
• Identification of characteristic points
• Amplification of the characteristic points if likely to be contested
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert witness testimony in court (if required)

Impressions, Human Footprints and Tire’s Traces

• Produce three-dimensional moldings, in plaster casts
• Produce impressions bi-dimensional or single plane
• Produce precise moldings of impressions on (above) objects
• Comparisons between obtained models and the items alleged to have caused them (footwear, tires etc.)
• Application of techniques and photographic resources in the obtaining of the results of such analysis
• Provide expert analysis, examination and expert witness testimony in court (if required)

Fire (Vestiges or Residues)

• Survey of the place, with elaboration of the plant in scale and representation of the main points accident
• Identification of the place at the beginning of the ignition
• Ignition mechanism
• Combustible products
• Logistics of the evolution of the fire
• Vestiges
• Identification of the origin: deliberate, accidental etc.
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Unhealthy conditions

• Performance as nominated Judicial Expert or as suitable Technical Assistant, in lawsuits (civil or criminal) that involve subjects of unhealthy conditions, either personal or environmental
• Initial survey of eventual causes of environmental unhealthy conditions and in personal work
• Accompaniment of the surveys of expertise, as Technical Assistant
• Location and mapping of the areas of unhealthy conditions occurrence
• Elaboration of the Maps of Risks
• Elaboration of the Program of Prevention of Environmental Risks (PPRA)
• Evaluations of the discoveries in following, seeking the implementation of PPRA
• Elaboration of the Program of Medical Control of Occupational Health (PCMSO)
• Accompaniment in following, seeking the implementation of PCMSO
• Elaboration of referring opinions about unhealthy conditions
• Testify in Judgment, the testimony of “Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Interdiction

• Performance as nominated Judicial Expert or as suitable Technical Assistant, in lawsuits (civil or criminal) that involve subjects of juridical capacity in reason of disturbances of the mental health
• Specific medical exams for evaluation of disturbances of the mental health
• Accompaniment, as Technical Assistant, of the interviews and special exams in cases of interdiction
• Application of psychological tests of mental level, of personality and of aggressiveness in cases of interdiction
• Elaboration of referring opinions to upset of the mental health
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Alcohol  Intoxication 

Analysis of the alcohol in the expired air

• Analysis of blood and of urine for alcohol
• Retrograde Extrapolation of the alcoholic blood rates in function of the biodegradation of the alcohol
• Hypotheses
• Clinical evaluation of the intoxication.
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Investigation of Genetic Entail

• Identification and Investigation of Genetic Entail for any relationship degree
• Crop of blood for serologic examination of the erythrocytic systems (ABH, Rh, MNSs, Duffy, Kell, Celano, CW and other) and leucocytary ones (HLA)
• Crop of another materials (saliva, hair, human remains, bones etc.) to accomplish Investigation of Genetic Entail, through exams of DNA
• Use of technologies for the study of the markers of the nuclear DNA and of the mitocondrial DNA (mtDNA)
• Direction of destined samples the exams of DNA for national and foreign laboratories (it USES), according to the needs and demands
• Crop accompaniment and identification of samples for exams of DNA of any nature, besides exhumations
• Exams of DNA "in natura", with single and multilocal probes, multiplication for PCR, and through the analysis of STR
• Calculation of the Index of Paternity (IP), of the " likelihood ratio " (LR) and of RMNE
• Interpretation of results of exams of Investigation of Genetic Entail for each one of the laboratory tests.
• Elaboration of Opinions about interpretation of results of different exams of Investigation of Genetic Entail - erythrocitary, leucocitary (HLA), nDNA and mtDNA - accomplished in several services
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Crime Scenes and Local of Crime

• Accompaniment of the initial survey
• Location and mapping of the area of the occurrence
• Evaluations of the discoveries in following, with the authority policeman
• Rebuilding of the facts in general
• Studies of all kind of stains of blood and how it was produced
• Rebuilding of the firearm shots, correlating them with the vestiges and with the physical possibilities of the place
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Stains of Blood

• Rebuilding of the scene of the crime or accident
• Morphology of the stains of blood
• Approached evaluation of the volume of the hemorrhage
• Verification of the direction of the displacements and height of the leak for the analysis of the stains of blood in the place
• Identification of stains of blood using specific tests (peroxidases, Adler, luminol and others)
• Photographic documentation
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Marks of Tools or Instruments

• Elaboration of three-dimensional moldings, in plaster
• Elaboration of bi-dimensional imprinting
• Elaboration of moldings of precision for marks on objects
• Comparisons between the obtained molding and the tools or questioned instruments
• Application of techniques and photographic resources in the obtaining of registrations
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Danger Environment and works

• Performance as nominated Judicial Expert or as suitable Technical Assistant, in lawsuits (civil or criminal) that involve subjects of danger works or danger environmental
• Initial rising of eventual causes of environmental danger and laboral
• Accompaniment of the risings expertise, as Technical Assistant
• Location and map of the areas of danger occurrence
• Elaboration of the Map of Risks for danger
• Elaboration of the Program of Prevention of Environmental Risks (PPRA) for danger
• Evaluations of the discoveries in following, seeking the implementation of PPRA
• Accompaniment of procedures expertise and judicial in cases of work accidents
• Elaboration of referring opinions of existing of danger conditions
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Individual or personal danger

• Performance as nominated Judicial Expert or as suitable Technical Assistant, in lawsuits (civil or criminal) that involve subjects of individual or personal danger
• Rising of the eventual causes of individual or personal danger
• Accompaniment of the risings expertise, as Technical Assistant
• Specific medical exams for evaluation of the individual or personal danger
• Accompaniment, as Technical Assistant, of the interviews and exams in cases of ceasing of the individual danger
• Application of psychological tests of mental level, of personality and of aggressiveness in cases of ceasing of the individual danger conditions
• Elaboration of referring opinions about the individual danger conditions
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Erasures and Obliterations

• Studies of the erasure procedures and mechanical erasing of data
• Erasures in manuscripts, for erasing and for scratching
• Frauds and obliterations in printed papers
• Revelation of latent vestiges in deep-data (series numbers in firearms, weapons and machines)
• Revelation of latent vestiges of having given printed in metal (chassis)
• Registration graph of the revelations of latent vestiges
• Elaboration of preliminary opinions for civil  and criminal procedures
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Rebuilding of Shots

• Studies of external ballistics (trajectories, deviations, reach)
• Determinations of shot distance
• Physical study of the ricochet
• Studies of terminal ballistics
• Identification of the ammunition type used looking the entrance lesions and the exit lesions produced of firearm projectiles
• Study of the lines of having sought and visibility of the objective
• Audibility of the shots in function of the distance
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Registration of Images

• Elaboration of surveys in crime scenes
• Verification of the visibility of the objectives
• Registration of perishable reactions (peroxidases and Adler tests, or luminescence induced by UV etc.)
• Registration in videotapes during the development of rebuilding
• Elaboration of photographic works in high contrast
• Macro elaboration and microphotographs  
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Vestiges in firearms

• Identification of projectiles and cases
• Determinations of shot distances
• Studies of external and internal Ballistics
• Determination of itineraries and trajectories
• Physical study of the viability and occurrence of ricochet
• Operation conditions and use of the firearms
• Study of the individualities of a certain firearm
• Analysis of the correspondence among the individualities of a certain firearm and the vestiges that exist in projectiles and cases found in the crime scene
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “ Expert “, Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner

Entomological Vestiges

• Elaboration of surveys in crime scenes
• Elaboration of surveys in places of forensic interest
• Accompaniment of exhumations
• Species identification
• Identification of chemical substances and drugs
• Dosages of chemical substances and you drug
• Collects and conservation of material (direct or indirect)
• Species creation
• Determinations of the post-morten interval
• Testify in Judgment, as testimony of “Expert” , Forensic Analyst or Forensic Examiner